Browsing by Subject "HIV Infections"
Now showing items 1-20 of 43
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Architectural insight into inovirus-associated vectors (IAVs) and development of IAV-based vaccines inducing humoral and cellular responses: Implications in HIV-1 vaccines
(2014)Inovirus-associated vectors (IAVs) are engineered, non-lytic, filamentous bacteriophages that are assembled primarily from thousands of copies of the major coat protein gp8 and just five copies of each of the four minor ...
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CCR5 promoter polymorphisms in a Kenyan perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cohort: Association with increased 2-year maternal mortality
(2001)The CCR5 chemokine receptor acts as a coreceptor with CD4 to permit infection by primary macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains. The CCR5Δ32 mutation, which is associated with resistance to ...
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Cellular HIV type 1 DNA levels are equivalent among drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains in newly diagnosed and antiretroviral naive patients
(2014)The emergence of resistance against current antiretroviral drugs to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is an increasingly important concern to the continuous success of antiretroviral therapy to HIV-1-infected ...
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Cellular HIV-1 DNA levels in drug sensitive strains are equivalent to those in drug resistant strains in newly-diagnosed patients in Europe
(2010)Background HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance is an important threat to the success of antiretroviral therapy and transmitted resistance has reached 9% prevalence in Europe. Studies have demonstrated that HIV-1 DNA load in ...
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Cellular HIV-1 DNA load predicts HIV-RNA rebound and the outcome of highly active antiretroviral therapy
(2004)Objective: To assess whether cellular HIV-1 DNA prior to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation predicts its outcome. Design and methods: Patients included all 51 hemophiliacs of the Greek component of the ...
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Changes in T Cell Receptor Excision DNA Circle (TREC) Levels in HIV Type 1-Infected Subjects Pre- and Post-Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
(2004)The T cell receptor excision DNA circle (TREC) level is an independent predictor of HIV-1 disease prognosis. We studied the temporal changes in TREC levels prior to and after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) ...
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A chemokine receptor CCR2 allele delays HIV-1 disease progression and is associated with a CCR5 promoter mutation
(1998)Viral and host factors influence the rate of HIV-1 disease progression. For HIV-1 to fuse, a CD4+ cell must express a co-receptor that the virus can use. The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are used by R5 and X4 viruses, ...
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Effect of recent thymic emigrants on progression of HIV-1 disease
(2000)Background. The concentration of T-cell receptor-rearrangement excision DNA circles (TREC) in peripheral-blood T cells is a marker of recent thymic emigrant αβ T cells. We studied the predictive ability of measurements of ...
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Effects of CCR5-Δ32, CCR2-64I, and SDF-1 3′ a alleles on HIV-1 disease progression: An international meta-analysis of individual-patient data
(2001)Background: Studies relating certain chemokine and chemokine receptor gene alleles with the outcome of HIV-1 infection have yielded inconsistent results. Objective: To examine postulated associations of genetic alleles ...
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Emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants in patients undergoing structured treatment interruptions
(2002)We report the emergence of drug-resistant viral mutations in chronically HIV-infected individuals undergoing structured treatment interruptions (STI). The protease mutation M46L and the reverse transcriptase mutations K101E ...
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Emergence of Minor Populations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Carrying the M184V and L90M Mutations in Subjects Undergoing Structured Treatment Interruptions
(2003)The use of structured treatment interruption (STI) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects is currently being studied as an alternative therapeutic strategy for HIV-1. The potential risk for selection of ...
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Evidence for recent selection of the CCR5-Δ32 deletion from differences in its frequency between Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jews
(2000)Recent studies have shown higher frequencies of the CCR5-Δ32 allele and the CCR5-A32/Δ32 genotype, which confers protection against HIV infection, in northern Europe as compared to Mediterranean countries. Here, we analyse ...
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Evidence of two distinct subsubtypes within the HIV-1 subtype A radiation
(2001)Members of HIV-1 group M are responsible for the vast majority of AIDS cases worldwide and have been classified on the basis of their phylogenetic relationships into nine roughly equidistant clades, termed subtypes. Although ...
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Genetic analysis of HIV type 1 strains from newly infected untreated patients in cyprus: high genetic diversity and low prevalence of drug resistance.
(2009)Abstract The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 infection was first studied in Cyprus in the mid-1990s, but the extent of HIV-1 diversity and the prevalence of drug resistance have remained elusive. In an effort to address ...
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Genetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains in Kenya: A comparison using phylogenetic analysis and a combinatorial melting assay
(1999)We surveyed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) subtype distribution from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected in 1995 from 24 HIV-1- infected Kenyan residents (specimens from predominantly male truck drivers ...
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Global distribution of the CCR2-641/CCR5-59653T HIV-1 disease-protective haplotype
(2000)Objectives: Several natural polymorphisms in the genes for the human CC-chemokine receptors CCR5 and CCR2 are associated with HIV-1 disease. The CCR2-641 genetic variant [a G to A substitution resulting in a valine (V) to ...
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Hepatitis C infection among intravenous drug users attending therapy programs in Cyprus
(2010)The most high-risk population for HCV transmission worldwide today are intravenous drug users. HCV genotypes in the general population in Cyprus demonstrate a polyphyletic infection and include subtypes associated with ...
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HIV-1 subtype distribution and its demographic determinants in newly diagnosed patients in Europe suggest highly compartmentalized epidemics
(2013)Background: Understanding HIV-1 subtype distribution and epidemiology can assist preventive measures and clinical decisions. Sequence variation may affect antiviral drug resistance development, disease progression, ...
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HIV-1 vaccine strategies utilizing viral vectors including antigen-displayed inoviral vectors
(2013)Antigen-presenting viral vectors have been extensively used as vehicles for the presentation of antigens to the immune system in numerous vaccine strategies. Particularly in HIV vaccine development efforts, two main viral ...